Identify the document and substance
Record the paper type if known, the oil source, when it happened, the affected area and whether ink, print, seals or signatures are present. Photograph the item without rubbing or folding it. If the document is legally, historically or personally important, do not experiment on it.
Avoid household treatments
Do not use water, detergent, alcohol, solvent, iron, hairdryer, powder or abrasive material on the paper without a conservator’s advice. Heat, moisture and chemicals can affect the paper and printing differently, and an apparently dry stain may remain within the fibres.
Ask a qualified paper conservator
Share the document’s age, paper and ink details, oil source, previous attempts and clear photographs. Ask what examination is possible, whether treatment may affect text or paper, what is excluded and what outcome is realistic. A print shop or general cleaner is not a substitute for paper conservation.
Protect the record and retain context
Keep the document and any related records together and follow the conservator’s instructions for transport and storage. If it is an official or financial record, contact the issuing organisation about replacement or certified-copy options rather than attempting removal.
